
Charalabos Pothoulakis
Professor, Medicine, University of California Los Angeles
675 Charles E. Young Dr. South
MRL 1240, Box 957019
Los Angeles, CA 90095
Websites
UCLA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases
Affiliations
Eli and Edythe Broad Chair, Medicine
Director of Research, UCLA Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Director, Research Integration
Member, CTSI, I3T Theme, Immunity, Microbes & Molecular Pathogenesis GPB Home Area, Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology GPB Home Area, Tumor Immunology Program at the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC)
Biography
Dr. Pothoulakis’ research program is primarily focused on the role of neuropeptides and hormones in several disease states, including inflammatory bowel disease, Clostridium difficile infection, and irritable bowel syndrome. His recent projects also involve characterization of neuropeptide-microRNA dependent signaling mechanisms that modulate development of colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. In 2005, Dr. Pothoulakis received an honorary degree from Harvard University and he is the recipient of the “Janssen Award in Basic Research in Gastrointestinal Motility” by the American Gastroenterological Association for his discoveries and insights into the function of gastrointestinal neuropeptides. In 2017 he also received the Mentor Award from the Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology Section of the American Gastroenterological Association. Dr. Pothoulakis’ research projects have been supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the Broad Foundation, The Martin Blinder Foundation for Crohn’s Disease, and the Knapp Foundation.
Publications
- Xie Y, Chupina Estrada A, Nelson B, Feng H, Pothoulakis C, Chesnel L, Koon HW. ADS024, a Bacillus velezensis strain, protects human colonic epithelial cells against C. difficile toxin-mediated apoptosis.. Frontiers in microbiology, 2023.
- Soroosh A, Fang K, Hoffman JM, Law IKM, Videlock E, Lokhandwala ZA, Zhao JJ, Hamidi S, Padua DM, Frey MR, Pothoulakis C, Rankin CR. Correction: Loss of miR-24-3p promotes epithelial cell apoptosis and impairs the recovery from intestinal inflammation.. Cell death & disease, 2022.
- Latorre R, Hegron A, Peach CJ, Teng S, Tonello R, Retamal JS, Klein-Cloud R, Bok D, Jensen DD, Gottesman-Katz L, Rientjes J, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, Schmidt BL, Pothoulakis CH, Rankin C, Xie Y, Koon HW, Bunnett NW. Mice expressing fluorescent PAR2 reveal that endocytosis mediates colonic inflammation and pain.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022.
- Soroosh A, Fang K, Hoffman JM, Law IKM, Videlock E, Lokhandwala ZA, Zhao JJ, Hamidi S, Padua DM, Frey MR, Pothoulakis C, Rankin CR. Loss of miR-24-3p promotes epithelial cell apoptosis and impairs the recovery from intestinal inflammation.. Cell death & disease, 2021.
- Mahurkar-Joshi S, Rankin CR, Videlock EJ, Soroosh A, Verma A, Khandadash A, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. The Colonic Mucosal MicroRNAs, MicroRNA-219a-5p, and MicroRNA-338-3p Are Downregulated in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Are Associated With Barrier Function and MAPK Signaling.. Gastroenterology, 2021.
- Lee Y, Ma EL, Patel M, Kim G, Howe C, Pothoulakis C, Kim YS, Im E, Rhee SH. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Alters the Tumor Development and Growth in Apcmin/+ Mice and in a Chemically-Induced Model of Colon Cancer.. International journal of molecular sciences, 2021.
- Choo J, Heo G, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Posttranslational modifications as therapeutic targets for intestinal disorders.. Pharmacological research, 2021.
- Her JY, Lee Y, Kim SJ, Heo G, Choo J, Kim Y, Howe C, Rhee SH, Yu HS, Chung HY, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Blockage of protease-activated receptor 2 exacerbates inflammation in high-fat environment partly through autophagy inhibition.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2020.
- Wani S, Man Law IK, Pothoulakis C. Role and mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in IBD pathophysiology.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2020.
- Kim SJ, Howe C, Mitchell J, Choo J, Powers A, Oikonomopoulos A, Pothoulakis C, Hommes DW, Im E, Rhee SH. Autotaxin loss accelerates intestinal inflammation by suppressing TLR4-mediated immune responses.. EMBO reports, 2020.
- Wang J, Ortiz C, Fontenot L, Mukhopadhyay R, Xie Y, Chen X, Feng H, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. Therapeutic Mechanism of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 α Neutralizing Antibody (CCL3) in Clostridium difficile Infection in Mice.. The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020.
- Hoffman JM, Rankin CR, Pothoulakis C. Here to Heal: Mucosal CD74 Signaling in Colitis.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2020.
- Baritaki S, de Bree E, Chatzaki E, Pothoulakis C. Chronic Stress, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer: A CRH System-Driven Molecular Crosstalk.. Journal of clinical medicine, 2019.
- Bakirtzi K, Man Law IK, Fang K, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. MiR-21 in Substance P-induced exosomes promotes cell proliferation and migration in human colonic epithelial cells.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2019.
- Rankin CR, Shao L, Elliott J, Rowe L, Patel A, Videlock E, Benhammou JN, Sauk JS, Ather N, Corson M, Alipour O, Gulati A, Pothoulakis C, Padua DM. The IBD-associated long noncoding RNA IFNG-AS1 regulates the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production after T-cell stimulation.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2019.
- Soroosh A, Rankin CR, Polytarchou C, Lokhandwala ZA, Patel A, Chang L, Pothoulakis C, Iliopoulos D, Padua DM. miR-24 Is Elevated in Ulcerative Colitis Patients and Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function.. The American journal of pathology, 2019.
- Rankin CR, Lokhandwala ZA, Huang R, Pekow J, Pothoulakis C, Padua D. Linear and circular CDKN2B-AS1 expression is associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and participates in intestinal barrier formation.. Life sciences, 2019.
- Rankin CR, Treger J, Faure-Kumar E, Benhammou J, Anisman-Posner D, Bollinger AE, Pothoulakis C, Padua DM. Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR.. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2019.
- Huang J, Kelly CP, Bakirtzi K, Villafuerte Gálvez JA, Lyras D, Mileto SJ, Larcombe S, Xu H, Yang X, Shields KS, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Goldsmith JD, Patel IJ, Hansen J, Huang M, Yla-Herttuala S, Moss AC, Paredes-Sabja D, Pothoulakis C, Shah YM, Wang J, Chen X. Clostridium difficile toxins induce VEGF-A and vascular permeability to promote disease pathogenesis.. Nature microbiology, 2018.
- Mitchell J, Kim SJ, Koukos G, Seelmann A, Veit B, Shepard B, Blumer-Schuette S, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Im E, Rhee SH. Colonic Inhibition of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Increases Colitogenic Bacteria, Causing Development of Colitis in Il10-/- Mice.. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2018.
- Rankin CR, Theodorou E, Man Law IK, Rowe L, Kokkotou E, Pekow J, Wang J, Martín MG, Pothoulakis C, Padua D. Identification of novel mRNAs and lncRNAs associated with mouse experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2018.
- Videlock EJ, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Hoffman JM, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. Sigmoid colon mucosal gene expression supports alterations of neuronal signaling in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2018.
- Hoffman JM, Sideri A, Ruiz JJ, Stavrakis D, Shih DQ, Turner JR, Pothoulakis C, Karagiannides I. Mesenteric Adipose-derived Stromal Cells From Crohn's Disease Patients Induce Protective Effects in Colonic Epithelial Cells and Mice With Colitis.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2018.
- Koon HW, Wang J, Mussatto CC, Ortiz C, Lee EC, Tran DH, Chen X, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. Fidaxomicin and OP-1118 Inhibit Clostridium difficile Toxin A- and B-Mediated Inflammatory Responses via Inhibition of NF-κB Activity.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2017.
- Fang K, Law IKM, Padua D, Sideri A, Huang V, Kevil CG, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. MicroRNA-31-3p Is Involved in Substance P (SP)-Associated Inflammation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells and Experimental Colitis.. The American journal of pathology, 2017.
- Soroosh A, Koutsioumpa M, Pothoulakis C, Iliopoulos D. Functional role and therapeutic targeting of microRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2017.
- Pothoulakis C, Torre-Rojas M, Duran-Padilla MA, Gevorkian J, Zoras O, Chrysos E, Chalkiadakis G, Baritaki S. CRHR2/Ucn2 signaling is a novel regulator of miR-7/YY1/Fas circuitry contributing to reversal of colorectal cancer cell resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis.. International journal of cancer, 2017.
- Lee Y, Choo J, Kim SJ, Heo G, Pothoulakis C, Kim YH, Im E. Analysis of endogenous lipids during intestinal wound healing.. PloS one, 2017.
- Law IKM, Padua DM, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. Role of G protein-coupled receptors-microRNA interactions in gastrointestinal pathophysiology.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2017.
- Lee Y, Jo J, Chung HY, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Endocannabinoids in the gastrointestinal tract.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2016.
- Koon HW, Su B, Xu C, Mussatto CC, Tran DH, Lee EC, Ortiz C, Wang J, Lee JE, Ho S, Chen X, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 prevents outbreak-associated Clostridium difficile-associated cecal inflammation in hamsters.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2016.
- Padua D, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Law IK, Polytarchou C, Vu JP, Pisegna JR, Shih D, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. A long noncoding RNA signature for ulcerative colitis identifies IFNG-AS1 as an enhancer of inflammation.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2016.
- Mashaghi A, Marmalidou A, Tehrani M, Grace PM, Pothoulakis C, Dana R. Neuropeptide substance P and the immune response.. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2016.
- Bakirtzi K, Law IK, Xue X, Iliopoulos D, Shah YM, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin Promotes the Development of Colitis and Intestinal Angiogenesis via Hif-1α-miR-210 Signaling.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2016.
- Giannogonas P, Apostolou A, Manousopoulou A, Theocharis S, Macari SA, Psarras S, Garbis SD, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. Identification of a novel interaction between corticotropin releasing hormone (Crh) and macroautophagy.. Scientific reports, 2016.
- Law IK, Jensen D, Bunnett NW, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin-induced miR-133α expression regulates neurotensin receptor 1 recycling through its downstream target aftiphilin.. Scientific reports, 2016.
- Yuan PQ, Wu SV, Pothoulakis C, Taché Y. Urocortins and CRF receptor type 2 variants in the male rat colon: gene expression and regulation by endotoxin and anti-inflammatory effect.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2016.
- Mahurkar S, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in irritable bowel syndrome.. Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society, 2015.
- Kim DH, Hwang JS, Lee IH, Nam ST, Hong J, Zhang P, Lu LF, Lee J, Seok H, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Kim H. The Insect Peptide CopA3 Increases Colonic Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Mucosal Barrier Function to Prevent Inflammatory Responses in the Gut.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2015.
- Padua D, Pothoulakis C. Novel approaches to treating Clostridium difficile-associated colitis.. Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2015.
- Hoffman JM, Baritaki S, Ruiz JJ, Sideri A, Pothoulakis C. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 2 Signaling Promotes Mucosal Repair Responses after Colitis.. The American journal of pathology, 2015.
- Rodriguez JA, Huerta-Yepez S, Law IK, Baay-Guzman GJ, Tirado-Rodriguez B, Hoffman JM, Iliopoulos D, Hommes DW, Verspaget HW, Chang L, Pothoulakis C, Baritaki S. Diminished expression of CRHR2 in human colon cancer promotes tumor growth and EMT via persistent IL-6/Stat3 signaling.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2015.
- Rhee SH, Ma EL, Lee Y, Taché Y, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Urocortin 3 Stimulate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression through the cAMP/CREB Pathway.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2015.
- Choo J, Lee Y, Yan XJ, Noh TH, Kim SJ, Son S, Pothoulakis C, Moon HR, Jung JH, Im E. A Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)γ Agonist 2-Hydroxyethyl 5-chloro-4,5-didehydrojasmonate Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Colitis.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2015.
- Fang K, Sideri A, Law IK, Bakirtzi K, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. Identification of a novel substance P (SP)-neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) microRNA-221-5p inflammatory network in human colonic epithelial cells.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2015.
- Bradesi S, Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Joshi SM, Koukos G, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. Identification of Spinal Cord MicroRNA and Gene Signatures in a Model of Chronic Stress-Induced Visceral Hyperalgesia in Rat.. PloS one, 2015.
- Sideri A, Bakirtzi K, Shih DQ, Koon HW, Fleshner P, Arsenescu R, Arsenescu V, Turner JR, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. Substance P mediates pro-inflammatory cytokine release form mesenteric adipocytes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2015.
- Polytarchou C, Hommes DW, Palumbo T, Hatziapostolou M, Koutsioumpa M, Koukos G, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Oikonomopoulos A, van Deen WK, Vorvis C, Serebrennikova OB, Birli E, Choi J, Chang L, Anton PA, Tsichlis PN, Pothoulakis C, Verspaget HW, Iliopoulos D. MicroRNA214 Is Associated With Progression of Ulcerative Colitis, and Inhibition Reduces Development of Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice.. Gastroenterology, 2015.
- Koukos G, Polytarchou C, Kaplan JL, Oikonomopoulos A, Ziring D, Hommes DW, Wahed R, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D. A microRNA signature in pediatric ulcerative colitis: deregulation of the miR-4284/CXCL5 pathway in the intestinal epithelium.. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2015.
- Vilisaar J, Kawabe K, Braitch M, Aram J, Furtun Y, Fahey AJ, Chopra M, Tanasescu R, Tighe PJ, Gran B, Pothoulakis C, Constantinescu CS. Reciprocal Regulation of Substance P and IL-12/IL-23 and the Associated Cytokines, IFNγ/IL-17: A Perspective on the Relevance of This Interaction to Multiple Sclerosis.. Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2015.
- Sideri A, Stavrakis D, Bowe C, Shih DQ, Fleshner P, Arsenescu V, Arsenescu R, Turner JR, Pothoulakis C, Karagiannides I. Effects of obesity on severity of colitis and cytokine expression in mouse mesenteric fat. Potential role of adiponectin receptor 1.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2015.
- Yoo JH, Ho S, Tran DH, Cheng M, Bakirtzi K, Kukota Y, Ichikawa R, Su B, Tran DH, Hing TC, Chang I, Shih DQ, Issacson RE, Gallo RL, Fiocchi C, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. Anti-fibrogenic effects of the anti-microbial peptide cathelicidin in murine colitis-associated fibrosis.. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2015.
- Law IK, Pothoulakis C. MicroRNA-133α regulates neurotensin-associated colonic inflammation in colonic epithelial cells and experimental colitis.. RNA & disease (Houston, Tex.), 2015.
- Bakirtzi K, West G, Fiocchi C, Law IK, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. The neurotensin-HIF-1α-VEGFα axis orchestrates hypoxia, colonic inflammation, and intestinal angiogenesis.. The American journal of pathology, 2014.
- Law IK, Bakirtzi K, Polytarchou C, Oikonomopoulos A, Hommes D, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin--regulated miR-133α is involved in proinflammatory signalling in human colonic epithelial cells and in experimental colitis.. Gut, 2014.
- Jensen DD, Halls ML, Murphy JE, Canals M, Cattaruzza F, Poole DP, Lieu T, Koon HW, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW. Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 and β-arrestins exert spatiotemporal control of substance P-induced inflammatory signals.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2014.
- Koon HW, Ho S, Hing TC, Cheng M, Chen X, Ichikawa Y, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. Fidaxomicin inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A-mediated enteritis in the mouse ileum.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014.
- Im E, Jung J, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. Disruption of Pten speeds onset and increases severity of spontaneous colitis in Il10(-/-) mice.. Gastroenterology, 2014.
- Shih DQ, Zheng L, Zhang X, Zhang H, Kanazawa Y, Ichikawa R, Wallace KL, Chen J, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW, Targan SR. Inhibition of a novel fibrogenic factor Tl1a reverses established colonic fibrosis.. Mucosal immunology, 2014.
- Karagiannides I, Golovatscka V, Bakirtzi K, Sideri A, Salas M, Stavrakis D, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Bradesi S. Chronic unpredictable stress regulates visceral adipocyte-mediated glucose metabolism and inflammatory circuits in male rats.. Physiological reports, 2014.
- Vu JP, Million M, Larauche M, Luong L, Norris J, Waschek JA, Pothoulakis C, Pisegna JR, Germano PM. Inhibition of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) induces resistance to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2014.
- Steinhoff MS, von Mentzer B, Geppetti P, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW. Tachykinins and their receptors: contributions to physiological control and the mechanisms of disease.. Physiological reviews, 2014.
- Bakirtzi K, Hoffman JM, Pothoulakis C. Silence Please!: siRNA approaches to tighten the intestinal barrier in vivo.. The American journal of pathology, 2013.
- Grasberger H, Chang L, Shih W, Presson AP, Sayuk GS, Newberry RD, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Mayer E, Merchant JL. Identification of a functional TPH1 polymorphism associated with irritable bowel syndrome bowel habit subtypes.. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2013.
- Koukos G, Polytarchou C, Kaplan JL, Morley-Fletcher A, Gras-Miralles B, Kokkotou E, Baril-Dore M, Pothoulakis C, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D. MicroRNA-124 regulates STAT3 expression and is down-regulated in colon tissues of pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis.. Gastroenterology, 2013.
- Zheng L, Zhang X, Chen J, Ichikawa R, Wallace K, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW, Targan SR, Shih DQ. Erratum: Sustained TL1A (TNFSF15) expression on both lymphoid and myeloid cells leads to mild spontaneous intestinal inflammation and fibrosis (DOI: 10.1556/EuJMI.3.2013.1.2).. European journal of microbiology & immunology, 2013.
- Koon HW, Shih DQ, Hing TC, Yoo JH, Ho S, Chen X, Kelly CP, Targan SR, Pothoulakis C. Human monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins A and B inhibit inflammatory and histologic responses to the toxins in human colon and peripheral blood monocytes.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2013.
- Tchkonia T, Thomou T, Zhu Y, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Jensen MD, Kirkland JL. Mechanisms and metabolic implications of regional differences among fat depots.. Cell metabolism, 2013.
- Tuominen I, Al-Rabadi L, Stavrakis D, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Bugni JM. Diet-induced obesity promotes colon tumor development in azoxymethane-treated mice.. PloS one, 2013.
- Zheng L, Zhang X, Chen J, Ichikawa R, Wallace K, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW, Targan SR, Shih DQ. SUSTAINED TL1A (TNFSF15) EXPRESSION ON BOTH LYMPHOID AND MYELOID CELLS LEADS TO MILD SPONTANEOUS INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS.. European journal of microbiology & immunology, 2013.
- Ho S, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. Antimicrobial peptides and colitis.. Current pharmaceutical design, 2013.
- Bhargava A, Clifton MS, Mhaske P, Mhsake P, Liao M, Pothoulakis C, Leeman SE, Grady EF. Local injection of dsRNA targeting calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) ameliorates Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced ileitis.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012.
- Koon HW, Ho S, Cheng M, Ichikawa R, Pothoulakis C. Differentiating functional roles of gene expression from immune and non-immune cells in mouse colitis by bone marrow transplantation.. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2012.
- Hing TC, Ho S, Shih DQ, Ichikawa R, Cheng M, Chen J, Chen X, Law I, Najarian R, Kelly CP, Gallo RL, Targan SR, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. The antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin modulates Clostridium difficile-associated colitis and toxin A-mediated enteritis in mice.. Gut, 2012.
- Im E, Riegler FM, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. Elevated lipopolysaccharide in the colon evokes intestinal inflammation, aggravated in immune modulator-impaired mice.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2012.
- Law IK, Murphy JE, Bakirtzi K, Bunnett NW, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin-induced proinflammatory signaling in human colonocytes is regulated by β-arrestins and endothelin-converting enzyme-1-dependent endocytosis and resensitization of neurotensin receptor 1.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012.
- Fink C, Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C. Adipose tissue and inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2012.
- Kelesidis T, Pothoulakis C. Efficacy and safety of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii for the prevention and therapy of gastrointestinal disorders.. Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology, 2012.
- Oezguen N, Power TD, Urvil P, Feng H, Pothoulakis C, Stamler JS, Braun W, Savidge TC. Clostridial toxins: sensing a target in a hostile gut environment.. Gut microbes, 2012.
- Chang L, Adeyemo M, Karagiannides I, Karagiannidis I, Videlock EJ, Bowe C, Shih W, Presson AP, Yuan PQ, Cortina G, Gong H, Singh S, Licudine A, Mayer M, Tache Y, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. Serum and colonic mucosal immune markers in irritable bowel syndrome.. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2011.
- Barrett R, Zhang X, Koon HW, Vu M, Chang JY, Yeager N, Nguyen MA, Michelsen KS, Berel D, Pothoulakis C, Targan SR, Shih DQ. Constitutive TL1A expression under colitogenic conditions modulates the severity and location of gut mucosal inflammation and induces fibrostenosis.. The American journal of pathology, 2011.
- Piskounova E, Polytarchou C, Thornton JE, LaPierre RJ, Pothoulakis C, Hagan JP, Iliopoulos D, Gregory RI. Lin28A and Lin28B inhibit let-7 microRNA biogenesis by distinct mechanisms.. Cell, 2011.
- Bugni JM, Rabadi LA, Jubbal K, Karagiannides I, Lawson G, Pothoulakis C. The neurotensin receptor-1 promotes tumor development in a sporadic but not an inflammation-associated mouse model of colon cancer.. International journal of cancer, 2011.
- Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Kokkotou E, Stavrakis D, Margolis KG, Thomou T, Giorgadze N, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. Role of substance P in the regulation of glucose metabolism via insulin signaling-associated pathways.. Endocrinology, 2011.
- Koon HW, Shih DQ, Hing TC, Chen J, Ho S, Zhao D, Targan SR, Pothoulakis C. Substance P induces CCN1 expression via histone deacetylase activity in human colonic epithelial cells.. The American journal of pathology, 2011.
- Smith AL, Leung J, Kun S, Zhang R, Karagiannides I, Raz S, Lee U, Glovatscka V, Pothoulakis C, Bradesi S, Mayer EA, Rodríguez LV. The effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on bladder function in a rodent model.. Urology, 2011.
- Savidge TC, Urvil P, Oezguen N, Ali K, Choudhury A, Acharya V, Pinchuk I, Torres AG, English RD, Wiktorowicz JE, Loeffelholz M, Kumar R, Shi L, Nie W, Braun W, Herman B, Hausladen A, Feng H, Stamler JS, Pothoulakis C. Host S-nitrosylation inhibits clostridial small molecule-activated glucosylating toxins.. Nature medicine, 2011.
- Kang JK, Hwang JS, Nam HJ, Ahn KJ, Seok H, Kim SK, Yun EY, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Kim H. The insect peptide coprisin prevents Clostridium difficile-mediated acute inflammation and mucosal damage through selective antimicrobial activity.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2011.
- Bakirtzi K, Hatziapostolou M, Karagiannides I, Polytarchou C, Jaeger S, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin signaling activates microRNAs-21 and -155 and Akt, promotes tumor growth in mice, and is increased in human colon tumors.. Gastroenterology, 2011.
- Koon HW, Shih DQ, Chen J, Bakirtzi K, Hing TC, Law I, Ho S, Ichikawa R, Zhao D, Xu H, Gallo R, Dempsey P, Cheng G, Targan SR, Pothoulakis C. Cathelicidin signaling via the Toll-like receptor protects against colitis in mice.. Gastroenterology, 2011.
- Bradesi S, Golovatscka V, Ennes HS, McRoberts JA, Karagiannides I, Karagiannidis I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. Role of astrocytes and altered regulation of spinal glutamatergic neurotransmission in stress-induced visceral hyperalgesia in rats.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2011.
- Karagiannides I, Stavrakis D, Bakirtzi K, Kokkotou E, Pirtskhalava T, Nayeb-Hashemi H, Bowe C, Bugni JM, Nuño M, Lu B, Gerard NP, Leeman SE, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. Substance P (SP)-neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) alters adipose tissue responses to high-fat diet and insulin action.. Endocrinology, 2011.
- Gourcerol G, Wu SV, Yuan PQ, Pham H, Miampamba M, Larauche M, Sanders P, Amano T, Mulak A, Im E, Pothoulakis C, Rivier J, Taché Y, Million M. Activation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 mediates the colonic motor coping response to acute stress in rodents.. Gastroenterology, 2011.
- Shih DQ, Barrett R, Zhang X, Yeager N, Koon HW, Phaosawasdi P, Song Y, Ko B, Wong MH, Michelsen KS, Martins G, Pothoulakis C, Targan SR. Constitutive TL1A (TNFSF15) expression on lymphoid or myeloid cells leads to mild intestinal inflammation and fibrosis.. PloS one, 2011.
- Zhao D, Bakirtzi K, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Koon HW, Pothoulakis C. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor transactivation modulates the inflammatory and proliferative responses of neurotensin in human colonic epithelial cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2011.
- Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C. Neuropeptide - adipose tissue communication and intestinal pathophysiology.. Current pharmaceutical design, 2011.
- Koon HW, Shih D, Karagiannides I, Zhao D, Fazelbhoy Z, Hing T, Xu H, Lu B, Gerard N, Pothoulakis C. Substance P modulates colitis-associated fibrosis.. The American journal of pathology, 2010.
- Choi YJ, Im E, Chung HK, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. TRIF mediates Toll-like receptor 5-induced signaling in intestinal epithelial cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010.
- Im E, Pothoulakis C. [Recent advances in Saccharomyces boulardii research].. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 2010.
- Chaniotou Z, Giannogonas P, Theoharis S, Teli T, Gay J, Savidge T, Koutmani Y, Brugni J, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. Corticotropin-releasing factor regulates TLR4 expression in the colon and protects mice from colitis.. Gastroenterology, 2010.
- Ma EL, Choi YJ, Choi J, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH, Im E. The anticancer effect of probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus on human colon cancer cells is mediated through ErbB2 and ErbB3 inhibition.. International journal of cancer, 2010.
- Nam HJ, Kang JK, Kim SK, Ahn KJ, Seok H, Park SJ, Chang JS, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Kim H. Clostridium difficile toxin A decreases acetylation of tubulin, leading to microtubule depolymerization through activation of histone deacetylase 6, and this mediates acute inflammation.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010.
- Choi YJ, Im E, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. TRIF modulates TLR5-dependent responses by inducing proteolytic degradation of TLR5.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010.
- Im E, Rhee SH, Park YS, Fiocchi C, Taché Y, Pothoulakis C. Corticotropin-releasing hormone family of peptides regulates intestinal angiogenesis.. Gastroenterology, 2010.
- Im E, Choi YJ, Kim CH, Fiocchi C, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. The angiogenic effect of probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus on human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells is mediated by IL-8.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2009.
- Margolis KG, Pothoulakis C. Serotonin has a critical role in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis.. Gastroenterology, 2009.
- Im E, Choi YJ, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. Bacillus polyfermenticus ameliorates colonic inflammation by promoting cytoprotective effects in colitic mice.. The Journal of nutrition, 2009.
- Chandras C, Koutmani Y, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B by corticotropin-releasing factor in human monocytes.. Endocrinology, 2009.
- Chen X, Fruehauf J, Goldsmith JD, Xu H, Katchar KK, Koon HW, Zhao D, Kokkotou EG, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits EGF receptor signaling and intestinal tumor growth in Apc(min) mice.. Gastroenterology, 2009.
- Kim H, Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A binds colonocyte Src causing dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin.. Experimental cell research, 2009.
- Koon HW, Kim YS, Xu H, Kumar A, Zhao D, Karagiannides I, Dobner PR, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin induces IL-6 secretion in mouse preadipocytes and adipose tissues during 2,4,6,-trinitrobenzensulphonic acid-induced colitis.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009.
- Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis.. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2009.
- Gross K, Karagiannides I, Thomou T, Koon HW, Bowe C, Kim H, Giorgadze N, Tchkonia T, Pirtskhalava T, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. Substance P promotes expansion of human mesenteric preadipocytes through proliferative and antiapoptotic pathways.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2009.
- Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. Substance P, obesity, and gut inflammation.. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2009.
- Bradesi S, Svensson CI, Steinauer J, Pothoulakis C, Yaksh TL, Mayer EA. Role of spinal microglia in visceral hyperalgesia and NK1R up-regulation in a rat model of chronic stress.. Gastroenterology, 2008.
- Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. Neuropeptides, mesenteric fat, and intestinal inflammation.. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2008.
- Kokkotou E, Espinoza DO, Torres D, Karagiannides I, Kosteletos S, Savidge T, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) modulates C difficile toxin A-mediated enteritis in mice.. Gut, 2008.
- Kokkotou E, Moss AC, Torres D, Karagiannides I, Cheifetz A, Liu S, O'Brien M, Maratos-Flier E, Pothoulakis C. Melanin-concentrating hormone as a mediator of intestinal inflammation.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008.
- Pothoulakis C. Review article: anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of Saccharomyces boulardii.. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2008.
- Koon HW, Zhao D, Xu H, Bowe C, Moss A, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Substance P-mediated expression of the pro-angiogenic factor CCN1 modulates the course of colitis.. The American journal of pathology, 2008.
- Rhee SH, Im E, Pothoulakis C. Toll-like receptor 5 engagement modulates tumor development and growth in a mouse xenograft model of human colon cancer.. Gastroenterology, 2008.
- Na X, Kim H, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. gp96 is a human colonocyte plasma membrane binding protein for Clostridium difficile toxin A.. Infection and immunity, 2008.
- Gay J, Kokkotou E, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. Corticotropin-releasing hormone deficiency is associated with reduced local inflammation in a mouse model of experimental colitis.. Endocrinology, 2008.
- Karagiannides I, Torres D, Tseng YH, Bowe C, Carvalho E, Espinoza D, Pothoulakis C, Kokkotou E. Substance P as a novel anti-obesity target.. Gastroenterology, 2008.
- Subramaniam D, Ramalingam S, May R, Dieckgraefe BK, Berg DE, Pothoulakis C, Houchen CW, Wang TC, Anant S. Gastrin-mediated interleukin-8 and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression: differential transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.. Gastroenterology, 2008.
- Kokkotou E, Moss AC, Michos A, Espinoza D, Cloud JW, Mustafa N, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. Comparative efficacies of rifaximin and vancomycin for treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and prevention of disease recurrence in hamsters.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2008.
- Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. Obesity, innate immunity and gut inflammation.. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2007.
- Kim H, Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. Inflammation and apoptosis in Clostridium difficile enteritis is mediated by PGE2 up-regulation of Fas ligand.. Gastroenterology, 2007.
- Gross KJ, Pothoulakis C. Role of neuropeptides in inflammatory bowel disease.. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2007.
- Tansky MF, Pothoulakis C, Leeman SE. Functional consequences of alteration of N-linked glycosylation sites on the neurokinin 1 receptor.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007.
- Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Koon HW, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin stimulates expression of early growth response gene-1 and EGF receptor through MAP kinase activation in human colonic epithelial cells.. International journal of cancer, 2007.
- Cottrell GS, Amadesi S, Pikios S, Camerer E, Willardsen JA, Murphy BR, Caughey GH, Wolters PJ, Coughlin SR, Peterson A, Knecht W, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW, Grady EF. Protease-activated receptor 2, dipeptidyl peptidase I, and proteases mediate Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis.. Gastroenterology, 2007.
- Moss AC, Anton P, Savidge T, Newman P, Cheifetz AS, Gay J, Paraschos S, Winter MW, Moyer MP, Karalis K, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C. Urocortin II mediates pro-inflammatory effects in human colonocytes via corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2alpha.. Gut, 2007.
- Savidge TC, Newman P, Pothoulakis C, Ruhl A, Neunlist M, Bourreille A, Hurst R, Sofroniew MV. Enteric glia regulate intestinal barrier function and inflammation via release of S-nitrosoglutathione.. Gastroenterology, 2007.
- Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Substance P mediates antiapoptotic responses in human colonocytes by Akt activation.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007.
- Koon HW, Pothoulakis C. Immunomodulatory properties of substance P: the gastrointestinal system as a model.. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006.
- Gay J, Kokkotou E, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. Interleukin-6 genetic ablation protects from trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice. Putative effect of antiinflammatory cytokines.. Neuroimmunomodulation, 2006.
- Tchkonia T, Lenburg M, Thomou T, Giorgadze N, Frampton G, Pirtskhalava T, Cartwright A, Cartwright M, Flanagan J, Karagiannides I, Gerry N, Forse RA, Tchoukalova Y, Jensen MD, Pothoulakis C, Kirkland JL. Identification of depot-specific human fat cell progenitors through distinct expression profiles and developmental gene patterns.. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2006.
- Kokkotou E, Torres D, Moss AC, O'Brien M, Grigoriadis DE, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2-deficient mice have reduced intestinal inflammatory responses.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2006.
- Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. Effects of NT on gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and role in intestinal inflammation.. Peptides, 2006.
- Chae S, Eckmann L, Miyamoto Y, Pothoulakis C, Karin M, Kagnoff MF. Epithelial cell I kappa B-kinase beta has an important protective role in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced mucosal injury.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2006.
- Chen X, Kokkotou EG, Mustafa N, Bhaskar KR, Sougioultzis S, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation both in vitro and in vivo and protects against Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2006.
- Bradesi S, Kokkotou E, Simeonidis S, Patierno S, Ennes HS, Mittal Y, McRoberts JA, Ohning G, McLean P, Marvizon JC, Sternini C, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. The role of neurokinin 1 receptors in the maintenance of visceral hyperalgesia induced by repeated stress in rats.. Gastroenterology, 2006.
- Rhee SH, Kim H, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Role of MyD88 in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation by flagellin/toll-like receptor 5 engagement in colonic epithelial cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2006.
- Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Moyer MP, Mantzoros CS, Pothoulakis C. Ghrelin stimulates interleukin-8 gene expression through protein kinase C-mediated NF-kappaB pathway in human colonic epithelial cells.. Journal of cellular biochemistry, 2006.
- Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Rhee SH, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Substance P stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 expression through JAK-STAT activation in human colonic epithelial cells.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2006.
- Karagiannides I, Kokkotou E, Tansky M, Tchkonia T, Giorgadze N, O'Brien M, Leeman SE, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. Induction of colitis causes inflammatory responses in fat depots: evidence for substance P pathways in human mesenteric preadipocytes.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006.
- Sougioultzis S, Simeonidis S, Bhaskar KR, Chen X, Anton PM, Keates S, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. Saccharomyces boulardii produces a soluble anti-inflammatory factor that inhibits NF-kappaB-mediated IL-8 gene expression.. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2006.
- Kim H, Kokkotou E, Na X, Rhee SH, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced colonocyte apoptosis involves p53-dependent p21(WAF1/CIP1) induction via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.. Gastroenterology, 2005.
- Rhee SH, Im E, Riegler M, Kokkotou E, O'brien M, Pothoulakis C. Pathophysiological role of Toll-like receptor 5 engagement by bacterial flagellin in colonic inflammation.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005.
- Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Simeonidis S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Substance P-stimulated interleukin-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells involves protein kinase Cdelta activation.. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2005.
- Na X, Zhao D, Koon HW, Kim H, Husmark J, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin B activates the EGF receptor and the ERK/MAP kinase pathway in human colonocytes.. Gastroenterology, 2005.
- Kim H, Rhee SH, Kokkotou E, Na X, Savidge T, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A regulates inducible cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in colonocytes via reactive oxygen species and activation of p38 MAPK.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2005.
- Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Koon HW, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin stimulates interleukin-8 expression through modulation of I kappa B alpha phosphorylation and p65 transcriptional activity: involvement of protein kinase C alpha.. Molecular pharmacology, 2005.
- Bradesi S, Schwetz I, Ennes HS, Lamy CM, Ohning G, Fanselow M, Pothoulakis C, McRoberts JA, Mayer EA. Repeated exposure to water avoidance stress in rats: a new model for sustained visceral hyperalgesia.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2005.
- Sougioultzis S, Kyne L, Drudy D, Keates S, Maroo S, Pothoulakis C, Giannasca PJ, Lee CK, Warny M, Monath TP, Kelly CP. Clostridium difficile toxoid vaccine in recurrent C. difficile-associated diarrhea.. Gastroenterology, 2005.
- Anton PM, O'Brien M, Kokkotou E, Eisenstein B, Michaelis A, Rothstein D, Paraschos S, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. Rifalazil treats and prevents relapse of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in hamsters.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2004.
- Koon HW, Zhao D, Na X, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Metalloproteinases and transforming growth factor-alpha mediate substance P-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and proliferation in human colonocytes.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2004.
- Zhao D, Zhan Y, Koon HW, Zeng H, Keates S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Metalloproteinase-dependent transforming growth factor-alpha release mediates neurotensin-stimulated MAP kinase activation in human colonic epithelial cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2004.
- Anton PM, Gay J, Mykoniatis A, Pan A, O'Brien M, Brown D, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) requirement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-mediated intestinal inflammation.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004.
- Rhee SH, Keates AC, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. MEK is a key modulator for TLR5-induced interleukin-8 and MIP3alpha gene expression in non-transformed human colonic epithelial cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2004.
- Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. Rho GTPases as therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 2003.
- Savidge TC, Pan WH, Newman P, O'brien M, Anton PM, Pothoulakis C. Clostridium difficile toxin B is an inflammatory enterotoxin in human intestine.. Gastroenterology, 2003.
- Stucchi AF, Shebani KO, Leeman SE, Wang CC, Reed KL, Fruin AB, Gower AC, McClung JP, Andry CD, O'Brien MJ, Pothoulakis C, Becker JM. A neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist reduces an ongoing ileal pouch inflammation and the response to a subsequent inflammatory stimulus.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2003.
- Lu L, Baldeon ME, Savidge T, Pothoulakis C, Walker WA. Development of microbial-human enterocyte interaction: cholera toxin.. Pediatric research, 2003.
- Mykoniatis A, Anton PM, Wlk M, Wang CC, Ungsunan L, Blüher S, Venihaki M, Simeonidis S, Zacks J, Zhao D, Sougioultzis S, Karalis K, Mantzoros C, Pothoulakis C. Leptin mediates Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice.. Gastroenterology, 2003.
- Simeonidis S, Castagliuolo I, Pan A, Liu J, Wang CC, Mykoniatis A, Pasha A, Valenick L, Sougioultzis S, Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. Regulation of the NK-1 receptor gene expression in human macrophage cells via an NF-kappa B site on its promoter.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003.
- Zhao D, Kuhnt-Moore S, Zeng H, Wu JS, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin stimulates IL-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells through Rho GTPase-mediated NF-kappa B pathways.. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 2003.
- Sougioultzis S, Pothoulakis C. Bacterial infections: small intestine and colon.. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2003.
- Liu TS, Musch MW, Sugi K, Walsh-Reitz MM, Ropeleski MJ, Hendrickson BA, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Chang EB. Protective role of HSP72 against Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced intestinal epithelial cell dysfunction.. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 2002.
- Zhao D, Kuhnt-Moore S, Zeng H, Pan A, Wu JS, Simeonidis S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Substance P-stimulated interleukin-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells involves Rho family small GTPases.. The Biochemical journal, 2002.
- Wlk M, Wang CC, Venihaki M, Liu J, Zhao D, Anton PM, Mykoniatis A, Pan A, Zacks J, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. Corticotropin-releasing hormone antagonists possess anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse ileum.. Gastroenterology, 2002.
- Castagliuolo I, Morteau O, Keates AC, Valenick L, Wang CC, Zacks J, Lu B, Gerard NP, Pothoulakis C. Protective effects of neurokinin-1 receptor during colitis in mice: role of the epidermal growth factor receptor.. British journal of pharmacology, 2002.
- He D, Sougioultzis S, Hagen S, Liu J, Keates S, Keates AC, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A triggers human colonocyte IL-8 release via mitochondrial oxygen radical generation.. Gastroenterology, 2002.
- Morteau O, Castagliuolo I, Mykoniatis A, Zacks J, Wlk M, Lu B, Pothoulakis C, Gerard NP, Gerard C. Genetic deficiency in the chemokine receptor CCR1 protects against acute Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in mice.. Gastroenterology, 2002.
- Agarwal B, Halmos B, Feoktistov AS, Protiva P, Ramey WG, Chen M, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Holt PR. Mechanism of lovastatin-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells.. Carcinogenesis, 2002.
- Chen ML, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Protein kinase C signaling regulates ZO-1 translocation and increased paracellular flux of T84 colonocytes exposed to Clostridium difficile toxin A.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2001.
- Kirkwood KS, Bunnett NW, Maa J, Castagliolo I, Liu B, Gerard N, Zacks J, Pothoulakis C, Grady EF. Deletion of neutral endopeptidase exacerbates intestinal inflammation induced by Clostridium difficile toxin A.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2001.
- Castagliuolo I, Karalis K, Valenick L, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Wlk M, Pothoulakis C. Endogenous corticosteroids modulate Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rats.. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2001.
- Qamar A, Aboudola S, Warny M, Michetti P, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. Saccharomyces boulardii stimulates intestinal immunoglobulin A immune response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in mice.. Infection and immunity, 2001.
- Pothoulakis C. The role of neuroenteric hormones in intestinal infectious diseases.. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2000.
- Akbarali HI, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I. Altered ion channel activity in murine colonic smooth muscle myocytes in an experimental colitis model.. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2000.
- Castagliuolo I, Valenick L, Liu J, Pothoulakis C. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation mediates substance P-induced mitogenic responses in U-373 MG cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2000.
- Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, Wang C, Wlk M, Sogukoglu T, Wenzl E, Matthews JB, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin stimulates Cl(-) secretion in human colonic mucosa In vitro: role of adenosine.. Gastroenterology, 2000.
- He D, Hagen SJ, Pothoulakis C, Chen M, Medina ND, Warny M, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A causes early damage to mitochondria in cultured cells.. Gastroenterology, 2000.
- Xia Y, Hu HZ, Liu S, Pothoulakis C, Wood JD. Clostridium difficile toxin A excites enteric neurones and suppresses sympathetic neurotransmission in the guinea pig.. Gut, 2000.
- Warny M, Keates AC, Keates S, Castagliuolo I, Zacks JK, Aboudola S, Qamar A, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. p38 MAP kinase activation by Clostridium difficile toxin A mediates monocyte necrosis, IL-8 production, and enteritis.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2000.
- Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, Wlk M, Pothoulakis C. Substance P causes a chloride-dependent short-circuit current response in rabbit colonic mucosa in vitro.. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 1999.
- Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, So PT, Lotz M, Wang C, Wlk M, Sogukoglu T, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Hamilton G, Teleky B, Wenzl E, Matthews JB, Pothoulakis C. Effects of substance P on human colonic mucosa in vitro.. The American journal of physiology, 1999.
- Riegler M, Lotz M, Sears C, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Sedivy R, Sogukoglu T, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Feil W, Teleky B, Hamilton G, LaMont JT, Wenzl E. Bacteroides fragilis toxin 2 damages human colonic mucosa in vitro.. Gut, 1999.
- Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Valenick L, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Carraway RE, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin is a proinflammatory neuropeptide in colonic inflammation.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1999.
- Warny M, Fatimi A, Bostwick EF, Laine DC, Lebel F, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. Bovine immunoglobulin concentrate-clostridium difficile retains C difficile toxin neutralising activity after passage through the human stomach and small intestine.. Gut, 1999.
- Qiu B, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Nikulasson S, LaMont JT. Participation of reactive oxygen metabolites in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rats.. The American journal of physiology, 1999.
- Pothoulakis C. Enterotoxin A of Clostridium difficile and alpha-Gal epitopes.. Sub-cellular biochemistry, 1999.
- Castagliuolo I, Riegler MF, Valenick L, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits the effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in human colonic mucosa.. Infection and immunity, 1999.
- Percy WH, Burakoff R, Rose K, Desai HP, Pothoulakis C, Eglow R. In vitro evidence that rabbit distal colonic muscularis mucosae has a Clostridium difficile toxin A receptor.. The American journal of physiology, 1998.
- Choi RS, Riegler M, Pothoulakis C, Kim BS, Mooney D, Vacanti M, Vacanti JP. Studies of brush border enzymes, basement membrane components, and electrophysiology of tissue-engineered neointestine.. Journal of pediatric surgery, 1998.
- Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE, Wang CC, Li H, Hoffman BJ, Mezey E. Substance P receptor expression in intestinal epithelium in clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in rats.. The American journal of physiology, 1998.
- Castagliuolo I, Keates AC, Wang CC, Pasha A, Valenick L, Kelly CP, Nikulasson ST, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 production in rat intestinal epithelial cells.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 1998.
- Castagliuolo I, Wershil BK, Karalis K, Pasha A, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. Colonic mucin release in response to immobilization stress is mast cell dependent.. The American journal of physiology, 1998.
- Mun EC, Mayol JM, Riegler M, O'Brien TC, Farokhzad OC, Song JC, Pothoulakis C, Hrnjez BJ, Matthews JB. Levamisole inhibits intestinal Cl- secretion via basolateral K+ channel blockade.. Gastroenterology, 1998.
- Wershil BK, Castagliuolo I, Pothoulakis C. Direct evidence of mast cell involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice.. Gastroenterology, 1998.
- Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE. Neuroimmune mechanisms of intestinal responses to stress. Role of corticotropin-releasing factor and neurotensin.. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1998.
- Castagliuolo I, Riegler M, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Lu B, Gerard C, Gerard NP, Pothoulakis C. Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor is required in Clostridium difficile- induced enteritis.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1998.
- Bhatia M, Saluja AK, Hofbauer B, Frossard JL, Lee HS, Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Gerard N, Pothoulakis C, Steer ML. Role of substance P and the neurokinin 1 receptor in acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998.
- Keates AC, Castagliuolo I, Qiu B, Nikulasson S, Sengupta A, Pothoulakis C. CGRP upregulation in dorsal root ganglia and ileal mucosa during Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis.. The American journal of physiology, 1998.
- Linevsky JK, Pothoulakis C, Keates S, Warny M, Keates AC, Lamont JT, Kelly CP. IL-8 release and neutrophil activation by Clostridium difficile toxin-exposed human monocytes.. The American journal of physiology, 1997.
- Riegler M, Sedivy R, Sogukoglu T, Castagliuolo I, Pothoulakis C, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Hamilton G, Teleky B, Feil W, Lamont JT, Wenzl E. Epidermal growth factor attenuates Clostridium difficile toxin A- and B-induced damage of human colonic mucosa.. The American journal of physiology, 1997.
- Salcedo J, Keates S, Pothoulakis C, Warny M, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for severe Clostridium difficile colitis.. Gut, 1997.
- Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Qiu BS, Nikulasson ST, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. IL-11 inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A enterotoxicity in rat ileum.. The American journal of physiology, 1997.
- Castagliuolo I, Keates AC, Qiu B, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Leeman SE, Pothoulakis C. Increased substance P responses in dorsal root ganglia and intestinal macrophages during Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in rats.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997.
- Kelly CP, Chetham S, Keates S, Bostwick EF, Roush AM, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Survival of anti-Clostridium difficile bovine immunoglobulin concentrate in the human gastrointestinal tract.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1997.
- Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A effects in the rat ileum.. Infection and immunity, 1996.
- Castagliuolo I, Lamont JT, Qiu B, Fleming SM, Bhaskar KR, Nikulasson ST, Kornetsky C, Pothoulakis C. Acute stress causes mucin release from rat colon: role of corticotropin releasing factor and mast cells.. The American journal of physiology, 1996.
- Pothoulakis C. Pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea.. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 1996.
- Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE, Bartolak-Suki E, Nikulasson S, Qiu B, Carraway RE, Pothoulakis C. A neurotensin antagonist, SR 48692, inhibits colonic responses to immobilization stress in rats.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996.
- Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Qiu B, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. A receptor decoy inhibits the enterotoxic effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A in rat ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1996.
- Qiu B, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Nikulasson Z, LaMont JT. Nitric oxide inhibits rat intestinal secretion by Clostridium difficile toxin A but not Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin.. Gastroenterology, 1996.
- Pothoulakis C, Gilbert RJ, Cladaras C, Castagliuolo I, Semenza G, Hitti Y, Montcrief JS, Linevsky J, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Desai HP, Wilkins TD, LaMont JT. Rabbit sucrase-isomaltase contains a functional intestinal receptor for Clostridium difficile toxin A.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1996.
- Pothoulakis C, Galili U, Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Dudeja PK, Brasitus TA, LaMont JT. A human antibody binds to alpha-galactose receptors and mimics the effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A in rat colon.. Gastroenterology, 1996.
- Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, Vavva F, Castagliuolo I, Bostwick EF, O'Keane JC, Keates S, LaMont JT. Anti-Clostridium difficile bovine immunoglobulin concentrate inhibits cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity of C. difficile toxins.. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1996.
- Burakoff R, Zhao L, Celifarco AJ, Rose KL, Donovan V, Pothoulakis C, Percy WH. Effects of purified Clostridium difficile toxin A on rabbit distal colon.. Gastroenterology, 1995.
- Kindon H, Pothoulakis C, Thim L, Lynch-Devaney K, Podolsky DK. Trefoil peptide protection of intestinal epithelial barrier function: cooperative interaction with mucin glycoprotein.. Gastroenterology, 1995.
- Riegler M, Sedivy R, Pothoulakis C, Hamilton G, Zacherl J, Bischof G, Cosentini E, Feil W, Schiessel R, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1995.
- Dillon ST, Rubin EJ, Yakubovich M, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Feig LA, Gilbert RJ. Involvement of Ras-related Rho proteins in the mechanisms of action of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B.. Infection and immunity, 1995.
- Gilbert RJ, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Yakubovich M. Clostridium difficile toxin B activates calcium influx required for actin disassembly during cytotoxicity.. The American journal of physiology, 1995.
- Kelly CP, Keates S, Siegenberg D, Linevsky JK, Pothoulakis C, Brady HR. IL-8 secretion and neutrophil activation by HT-29 colonic epithelial cells.. The American journal of physiology, 1994.
- Kurose I, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Anderson DC, Paulson JC, Miyasaka M, Wolf R, Granger DN. Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced microvascular dysfunction. Role of histamine.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1994.
- Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Letourneau R, Kelly C, O'Keane JC, Jaffer A, Theoharides TC, Pothoulakis C. Neuronal involvement in the intestinal effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A and Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin in rat ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1994.
- Kelly CP, Becker S, Linevsky JK, Joshi MA, O'Keane JC, Dickey BF, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Neutrophil recruitment in Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in the rabbit.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1994.
- Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Jaffer A, O'Keane JC, Snider RM, Leeman SE. CP-96,345, a substance P antagonist, inhibits rat intestinal responses to Clostridium difficile toxin A but not cholera toxin.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994.
- Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile colitis.. The New England journal of medicine, 1994.
- Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile colitis and diarrhea.. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 1993.
- Pothoulakis C, Karmeli F, Kelly CP, Eliakim R, Joshi MA, O'Keane CJ, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Rachmilewitz D. Ketotifen inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rat ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1993.
- Malecka-Panas E, Triadafilopoulos G, Tsukamoto H, Howitt G, Pothoulakis C, LaMont T. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates enzyme secretion from isolated rat pancreatic acini.. Materia medica Polona. Polish journal of medicine and pharmacy, 1993.
- Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis: pathogenesis and therapy.. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 1993.
- Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT. Diagnostic tests for Clostridium difficile diarrhoea and colitis: past, present and future.. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 1993.
- Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP, Joshi MA, Gao N, O'Keane CJ, Castagliuolo I, Lamont JT. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A binding and enterotoxicity in rat ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1993.
- Beubler E, Schirgi-Degen A, Pabst MA, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Effects of purified Clostridium difficile toxin A in the small intestine of the rat in vivo.. Natural toxins, 1993.
- Eglow R, Pothoulakis C, Itzkowitz S, Israel EJ, O'Keane CJ, Gong D, Gao N, Xu YL, Walker WA, LaMont JT. Diminished Clostridium difficile toxin A sensitivity in newborn rabbit ileum is associated with decreased toxin A receptor.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1992.
- Hecht G, Koutsouris A, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Madara JL. Clostridium difficile toxin B disrupts the barrier function of T84 monolayers.. Gastroenterology, 1992.
- Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, Orellana J, LaMont JT. Human colonic aspirates containing immunoglobulin A antibody to Clostridium difficile toxin A inhibit toxin A-receptor binding.. Gastroenterology, 1992.
- Triadafilopoulos G, Shah MH, Pothoulakis C. The chemotactic response of human granulocytes to Clostridium difficile toxin A is age dependent.. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1991.
- Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Eglow R, Gao N, Rubins JB, Theoharides TC, Dickey BF. Characterization of rabbit ileal receptors for Clostridium difficile toxin A. Evidence for a receptor-coupled G protein.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1991.
- Leung DY, Kelly CP, Boguniewicz M, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Flores A. Treatment with intravenously administered gamma globulin of chronic relapsing colitis induced by Clostridium difficile toxin.. The Journal of pediatrics, 1991.
- Moore R, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Carlson S, Madara JL. C. difficile toxin A increases intestinal permeability and induces Cl- secretion.. The American journal of physiology, 1990.
- Miller PD, Pothoulakis C, Baeker TR, LaMont JT, Rothstein TL. Macrophage-dependent stimulation of T cell-depleted spleen cells by Clostridium difficile toxin A and calcium ionophore.. Cellular immunology, 1990.
- Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, Weiss R, Giampaolo C, Lamont JT. Comparative study of Clostridium difficile toxin A and cholera toxin in rabbit ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1989.
- Gilbert RJ, Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, Giampaolo C, LaMont JT. Effect of purified Clostridium difficile toxins on intestinal smooth muscle. I. Toxin A.. The American journal of physiology, 1989.
- Gilbert RJ, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Effect of purified Clostridium difficile toxins on intestinal smooth muscle. II. Toxin B.. The American journal of physiology, 1989.
- Hecht G, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Madara JL. Clostridium difficile toxin A perturbs cytoskeletal structure and tight junction permeability of cultured human intestinal epithelial monolayers.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1988.
- Pothoulakis C, Sullivan R, Melnick DA, Triadafilopoulos G, Gadenne AS, Meshulam T, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates intracellular calcium release and chemotactic response in human granulocytes.. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1988.
- Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, O'Brien MJ, LaMont JT. Differential effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B on rabbit ileum.. Gastroenterology, 1987.
- Pothoulakis C, Triadafilopoulos G, Clark M, Franzblau C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile cytotoxin inhibits protein synthesis in fibroblasts and intestinal mucosa.. Gastroenterology, 1986.
- Pothoulakis C, Barone LM, Ely R, Faris B, Clark ME, Franzblau C, LaMont JT. Purification and properties of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B.. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1986.
- Wedel N, Toselli P, Pothoulakis C, Faris B, Oliver P, Franzblau C, LaMont T. Ultrastructural effects of Clostridium difficile toxin B on smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.. Experimental cell research, 1983.